• How Stethoscope Works....

    How Stethoscope Works

    A stethoscope is a medical device for listening to sounds inside the body. The initial stethoscope was invented in the early 19th century by French physician Ren� Laennec, but was actually trying to achieve a rather different end: doctor-patient distance....

  • Care Plan For Decreased Cardiac Output...

    Care Plan For Decreased Cardiac Output

    Nursing diagnosis for decreased cardiac output may be related to altered myocardial contractility, inotropic changes; alterations in rate, rhythm, electrical conduction; or structural changes, such as valvular defects and ventricular aneurysm. ...

  • ECG Waveforms And Components

    ECG Waveforms And Components

    The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a graphic recording ofelectric potentials generated by the heart.The signals are detected by means of metal electrodes attached to the extremities and chest wall and are then amplified and recorded by the electrocardiograph. ECG leads actually display the instantaneous differences in potential between these electrodes. ...

Thursday, August 21, 2014

HOW AGE AFFECTS DRUG ACTION

Posted by Hammam Labels: , , , , , at 5:17 AM
As the body ages, body structures and systems change, affecting how the body responds to medications. Some common changes that significantly affect medication administration follow. Body composition As a person grows older, his total body mass and lean body mass tend to decrease while body fat tends to increase. These factors affect the relationship between a drug's concentration and solubility in the body. Digestive...
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Boosting therapeutic compliance : Drug Therapy for Geriatric Care

Posted by Hammam Labels: , , , at 5:12 AM
To circumvent noncompliance caused by visual impairment, provide dosage instructions in large print if necessary. To alter eating habits that lead to noncompliance, emphasize which drugs the patient must take with food and which he must take on an empty stomach. Explain that taking some drugs on an empty stomach may cause nausea, whereas taking some drugs on a full stomach may interfere with absorption. Also find...
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Monday, August 18, 2014

Preventing Reactions That Impede Compliance

Posted by Channel Maymoon Labels: , , , at 6:45 AM
Discuss the patient's drug therapy with him. As he receives drugs, name them, explain their intended effect, and describe possible adverse reactions to watch for and report. Tell the patient that you'll ask questions to help identify (or reduce the risk of) harmful food or drug interactions (such as those caused by alcohol and caffeine) that may interfere with compliance. Ask the patient about all drugs—prescription,...
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Geriatric Care : Assessing Compliance Ability

Posted by Channel Maymoon Labels: , , , at 6:35 AM
Review the patient's complaint, and obtain a comprehensive health and drug history. Keeping in mind that discharge planning begins at admission, evaluate the patient's physical ability to take drugs. Can he read drug labels and directions? Does he identify drugs by sight or by touch? Can he open drug bottles easily? If he's disabled by Parkinson's disease or arthritis, for example, or if he lacks manual dexterity...
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Sunday, August 17, 2014

Drug Therapy for Elderly Patients

Posted by Channel Maymoon Labels: , , , at 6:36 AM
Four out of five people over age 65 have one or more chronic disorders. This helps explain why elderly people consume more medications than any other age-group. Although elderly adults represent only 12% of the population, they take 30% to 40% of the prescription drugs dispensed. That's about 400 million prescriptions per year, or twice the number of prescriptions filled for people under age 65. Drug therapy for elderly...
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