Age
|
Gross Motor
|
Fine Motor
|
Personal/social
|
Language
|
---|---|---|---|---|
Newborn
|
Head down with ventral suspension
Flexion Posture
Knees under abdomen-pelvis high
Head lag complete
Head to one side prone
|
Hands closed
Cortical Thumbing (CT)
|
With sounds, quiets if
crying; cries if quiet;
startles; blinks
|
Crying only
monotone
|
4 weeks
|
Lifts chin briefly (prone)
Rounded back sitting
head up momentarily
Almost complete head lag
|
Hands closed (CT)
|
Indefinite stare
at surroundings
Briefly regards toy
only if brought
in front of eyes
and follows only
to midline
Bell sound
decreases activity
|
Small, throaty noises
|
6 weeks
|
In ventral suspension head up
momentarily in same plane as body
Prone: pelvis high but knees no
longer under abdomen
|
Hands open 25%
of time
|
Smiles
|
Social smile
(1st cortical input)
|
2 months
|
Ventral suspension; head in same
plane as body
Lifts head 45° (prone) on flexed
forearms
Sitting, back less rounded, head
bobs forward
Energetic arm movements
|
Hands open most of
the time (75%)
Active grasp of toy
|
Alert expression
Smiles back
Vocalizes when talked to
Follows dangled toy
beyond midline
Follows moving person
|
Cooing
Single vowel sounds
(ah. eh, uh)
|
3 months
|
Ventral suspension; head in same
plane as body
Lifts head 45° (prone) on flexed
forearms
Sitting, back less rounded, head
bobs forward
Energetic arm movements
|
Hands open most of
the time (75%)
Active grasp of toy
|
Smiles spontaneously
Hand regard
Follows dangled toy 180°
Promptly looks at object
in midline
Glances at toy put in hand
|
Chuckles
“Talk back” if
examiner nods head
and talks
Vocalizes with two
different syllables
(a-a. oo-oo)
|
4 months
|
Head to 90° on extended forearms
Only slightly head lag at beginning
of movement
Bears weight some of time on
extended legs if held standing
Rolls prone to supine
Downward parachute
|
Active play with
rattles
Crude extended reach
and grasp
Hands together
Plays with fingers
Toys to mouth when
supine
|
Body activity increased
at sight of toy
Recognizes bottle and
opens mouth
For nipple (anticipates
feeding with excitement)
|
Laughs out loud
increasing
inflection
No tongue thrust
|
6 months
|
Bears full weight on legs if held
standing
Sits alone with minimal support
Pivots in prone
Rolls easily both ways
Anterior proppers
|
Reaches for toy
Palmar grasp of cube
Lifts cup by handle
Plays with toes
|
Displeasure at removal
of toy
Puts toy in mouth if
sitting
|
Shy with
strangers
Imitates cough and
protrusion of tongue
Smiles at mirror
image
|
7 months
|
Bears weight on one hand prone
Held standing, bounces
Sit on hard surface leaning on
hands
|
|
Stretches arms to be taken
Keeps mouth closed if offered
more food than
wants
Smiles and pats at mirror
|
Murmurs “mom”
especially if
crying
Babbles easily
(M’s, D’s, B’s, L’s)
Lateralizes sound
|
9 months
|
Sits steadily for 15 min on hard surface
Reciprocally crawls
Forward parachute
|
Picks up small objects
with index finger
and thumb
(Pincer grasp)
|
Feeds cracker neatly
Drinks from cup with
help
|
Listens to conversation
Shouts for attention
Reacts to “strangers”
|
10 months
|
Pulls to stand
Sits erect and steadily (indefinitely)
Sitting to prone
Standing: collapses and creeps on
hands knees easily
Prone to sitting easily
Cruises – laterally
Squats and stoops – does not
recover to standing position
|
Pokes with index
finger, prefers small
to large objects
|
Nursery games
(i.e., pat-a-cake),
picks up dropped bottle,
waves bye-bye
|
Will play peek-a-boo
and pat-a-cake
to verbal command
Says Mama,
Dada appropriately,
finds the hidden toy
(onset visual
memory)
|
12 months
|
Sitting; pivots to pick up object
Walks, hands at shoulder height
Bears weight alone easily
momentarily
|
Easy pinch grasp with
arm off table
Independent release
(ex: cube into cup)
Shows preference for
one hand
|
Finds hidden toy under
cup
Cooperated with dressing
Drinks from cup with two
hands
Marks with crayon on
paper
Insists on feeding self
|
One other word
(noun) besides
Mama, Dada
(e.g., hi, bye, cookie)
|
13 months
|
Walks with one hand
|
Mouthing very little
Explores objects with
fingers
Unwraps small cube
Imitates pellet bottle
|
Helps with dressing
Offers toy to mirror image
Gives toy to examiner
Holds cup to drink, tilting
head
Affectionate
Points with index finger
Plays with washcloth,
bathing
Finger-feeds well, but
throws dishes on floor
Appetite decreases
|
Three words besides
Mama, Dada
Larger receptive
language than
expressive
|
14 months
|
Few steps without support
|
Deliberately picks up
two small blocks in
one hand
Peg out and in
Opens small square
box
|
Should be off bottle
Puts toy in container if
asked
Throws and plays ball
|
Three to four words
expressively
minimum
|
15 months
|
Creeps up stairs
Kneels without support
Gets to standing without support
Stoop and recover
Cannot stop on round corners suddenly
Collapses and catches self
|
Tower of two cubes
“Helps” turn pages
of book
Scribbles in imitation
Completes round peg
board with urging
|
Feeds self fully leaving
dishes on tray
Uses spoon turning upside
down, spills much
Tilts cup to drink, spilling
some
Helps pull clothes off
Pats at picture in book
|
Four to six words
Jargoning
Points consistently to
indicate wants
|
18 months
|
Runs stiffly
Rarely falls when walking
Walks upstairs (one hand held-one
step at a time)
Climbs easily
Walks, pulling toy or carrying doll
Throws ball without falling
Knee flexion seen in gait
|
Tower of three to four
cubes
Turns pages two to
three at a time
Scribbles
spontaneously
Completes round peg
board easily
|
Uses spoon without rotation
but still spills
May indicate wet pants
Mugs doll
Likes to take off shoes and
socks
Knows one body part
Very negative oppositions
|
One-step commands
10-15 words
Knows “hello” and
“thank you”
More complex
‘jargon’ rag
Attention span
1 min
Points to one picture
|
21 months
|
Runs well, falling some tires
Walks downstairs with one hand
held, one step at a time
Kicks large ball with demonstration
Squats in play
Walks upstairs alternating feet with
rail held
|
Tower of five to six
cubes
Opens and closes small
square box
Completes square peg
board
|
May briefly resist bathing
Pulls person to show something
Handles cup will Removes
some clothing purposefully
Asks for food and
drink Communicates toilet
needs helps wit h simple
household tasks 3 body
parts
|
Knows 15–20 words
and combines
2–3 words
Echoes 2 or more
Knows own name
Follows associate
commands
|
24 months
|
Rarely falls when running
Walks up and down stairs alone
one-step-at-a time
Kicks large ball without
demonstration
Claps hands
Overthrow hand
|
Tower of six to seven
cubes
Turns book pages
singly
Turns door knob
Unscrews lid
Replaces all cubes in
small box
Holds glass securely
with one hand
|
Uses spoon, spilling little
Dry at night
Puts on simple garment
Parallel play
Assists bathing
Likes to wash 6 dry hands
Plays with food
+ body parts
Tower of 8. Helps put
things away
|
Attention span 2 min
Jargon discarded
Sentences of two to
three words
Knows 50 words
Can follow two-step
commands (ain’t)
Refers to self by
name
Understands and
asks for “more”
Asks for food by
name
Inappropriately uses
personal pronouns
(e.g., me want)
Identifies three
pictures
|
3–5 years
|
Pedals tricycle
Walks up stairs alternating feet
Tip toe
Jump with both feet
|
Copies circles
Uses overhand throw
|
Group play
Can take turns
|
Uses three-word
sentences
|
5–12 years
|
Activities of daily living
|
Printing and cursive
writing
|
Group Sports
|
Reads and understands
content
Spells words
|
Friday, July 3, 2015
Age-appropriate Neuroassessment
Age-appropriate neuroassessment table. A brief guide to developmental milestones in children from infancy to age 12 years as a guide when performing a neurological assessment (Phoenix Children’s Hospital)
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